How to Replace a Toilet Wax Ring

Wobbling, persistent sewer odors, or water seeping from the base of your toilet are the classic signs that your wax ring has failed. The wax ring creates the critical airtight and watertight seal between the toilet flange and the drain pipe; once that integrity is compromised, it cannot be repaired, only replaced. Performing this repair is a rite of passage for any homeowner. It is messy work, but it is straightforward if you move deliberately. When done well, your toilet will be rock-solid, and your bathroom will be free of the methane gases and moisture that rot subflooring. Expect to get your hands dirty, stay organized with your hardware, and take your time cleaning the mounting surface.

1. Stop Water Flow Fast. Turn the supply valve clockwise until it stops, then flush the toilet to empty the tank and bowl as much as possible. Use a sponge or small cup to remove the remaining water from the bowl to prevent spills during the move.
2. Free the Bolts. Unscrew the water supply line from the fill valve at the bottom of the tank. Remove the plastic caps at the base of the toilet and unscrew the nuts from the flange bolts using a wrench.
3. Lift Clear. Carefully break the seal by gently rocking the toilet side-to-side. Lift the toilet straight up and set it aside on an old towel, ensuring it rests on its side or upside down so it doesn't crack.
4. Scrape Surface Clean. Use a putty knife to scrape every scrap of old wax off the toilet flange and the horn of the toilet. Wipe the area clean with an old rag to ensure the new ring has a clean surface to bond to.
5. Seat the New Ring. Press the new wax ring firmly onto the flange or the bottom horn of the toilet. If you are using a reinforced ring, ensure the plastic funnel points downward into the drain hole.
6. Snug Gently, Not Tight. Lower the toilet onto the flange bolts, ensuring they pass through the holes in the base. Sit on the toilet to compress the wax, then hand-tighten the nuts and gently snug them with a wrench.