How to Maintain a Sump Pump

Maintain your sump pump by testing it monthly, cleaning the pit quarterly, checking the discharge pipe, and inspecting all components for wear or damage.

  1. Trigger the pump manually first. Pour a bucket of water into the sump pit until the float rises and triggers the pump. The pump should start automatically, remove the water, and shut off when the float drops. If it doesn't start, check the power connection and float mechanism. This simple test catches most problems before they become emergencies.
  2. Clear every corner of debris. Remove debris, dirt, and sediment from the pit every three months. Unplug the pump, remove it from the pit, and use a shop vacuum or bucket to clear out accumulated material. Rinse the pit walls with clean water. A clean pit prevents clogs and allows the float to move freely.
  3. Verify water flows away cleanly. Check where the discharge pipe exits your home and ensure water flows away from the foundation. Remove any obstructions like leaves or ice. In winter, make sure the pipe end isn't frozen. A blocked discharge pipe can cause the pump to run continuously or fail when you need it most.
  4. Ensure smooth float movement. Lift the float manually to ensure it moves freely and isn't stuck against the pit walls or pump housing. The switch should click when the float reaches the trigger position. If the float sticks or the switch doesn't engage, clean around the mechanism or adjust its position.
  5. Verify all connections are tight. Look for loose electrical connections, frayed cords, or corroded plugs. Check that the pump sits level on the pit bottom and the intake screen isn't clogged. Tighten any loose pipe fittings and ensure the check valve is working properly to prevent backflow.
  6. Never skip the backup test. If you have a battery backup pump, test it by unplugging the primary pump and triggering the backup with water. Check the battery terminals for corrosion and ensure the battery holds a charge. Replace backup pump batteries every 2-3 years or as recommended by the manufacturer.